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Marquette
and Joliet recorded in their diaries a description of an image of
this creature incised into the limestone bluffs 40 to 50 feet above
the water near their historic landing site at the confluence of
the Illinois and Mississippi Rivers. This image was later painted,
and has been relocated several times. Today a painting of the Piasa
Bird can be seen on the bluffs near Alton, Illinois. The most enduring
and fascinating legend about this bird was written by John Russell
in 1836. It follows:
Before the village of
the Illini, the mighty river swept to the south, clear and fresh.
The surrounding woods were rich with game. The bluffs and the mighty
trees shielded the Illini from the harsh winds that sometimes swept
in from the north. Their village was a secure and happy place. Chief
of the Illini was Ouatoga (Watoga). He was old and had led his tribe
in the ways of peace for most of his lifetime. Ouatoga and his people
loved their home and their way of life. Then one morning, as the
sun began to climb towards the summit of its cloudless sky, terror
touched the Illini. The village stirred. A number of younger braves
were leaving on an early morning fishing expedition. Some were already
on the river in their canoes, others preparing to embark, when suddenly
the very earth seemed to shudder with the sound of an alien scream.
Out of the Western sky
came a gigantic flying monster. Its body was much the size and shape
of a horse; long, white fangs stabbed upward from the protruding
lower jaw and flames leaped from its nostrils; two white, deer-like
horns angled wickedly from its head. Its huge wings pounded the
air with such force the trees bent; its stubby legs held dagger-like
talons and its spiked tail wound around the grotesque body three
times.
Almost before the braves
realized their danger, the beast, soon to be named the Piasa Bird,
swooped across the beach and carried one away. From that moment
on, the Illini were terrorized by this incredible and blood-thirsty
monster. Each morning and afternoon thereafter, the Piasa Bird came,
shattering the peace of the village with its blood-chilling screams
and the thunderous beat of its wings. More often than not, it returned
to its lair with a victim.
The Illini looked to
their chief, Ouatoga, for a solution to this menace. Time and time
again he had led them through the trials of famine, illness, and
the threat of warlike tribes. But Ouatoga felt helpless before this
danger and the years weighed heavily upon him. The beast seemed
invulnerable. His body was covered with scales, like a coat-of-mail.
The best efforts of Tera-hi-on-a-wa-ka, the arrow maker, and the
tribe's finest archers were to no avail.
Then Ouatoga appealed
to the Great Spirit. For nearly a full moon he prayed and fasted.
Then in a dream he found the answer. The body of the Piasa Bird
was not protected under the wings. After offering thanks to the
Great Spirit, Ouatoga called the tribe together and devised a plan
that could destroy the Piasa Bird. All that day Tera-hi-on-a-wa-ka
sharpened arrowheads and painted them with poison while the tribe
fasted and prayed. That night, Ouatoga and six of the finest braves
crept to the top of the high bluff overlooking the Great Father
of Waters. When dawn came only Ouatoga was visible, standing straight
and firm in full view. The braves were hidden nearby behind a rock
ledge, bows ready.
Suddenly, the scream
of the Piasa Bird broke the silence and the winged monster swept
into view. Immediately it sighted Ouatoga and with what seemed a
shriek of delight, it pounced. As it did, Ouatoga fell to the ground
and grasped the strong roots that grew there. The pain of the talons
sinking into his flesh inspired him to grip the roots even more
tightly. As the Piasa Bird raised its great wings in an effort to
carry off its victim, the six braves stepped from their hiding place
and shot six poisoned arrows into the unprotected place beneath
the beast's wings. Again and again the bird raised its wings to
fly. But Ouatoga held fast and each time six poisoned arrows drove
into the bird's vulnerable spot. Finally, the poison did its job.
With a scream of agony, the Piasa Bird released its hold on Ouatoga
and plunged down the bluff to disappear forever in the swift waters
of the great river.
Carefully, tenderly,
the braves carried Ouatoga to his tepee where, in time, he was nursed
back to health. Then a great celebration was held in the camp of
the Illini. The next day, Tera-hi-on-a-wa-ka mixed paints and, carrying
them to the bluff, painted a picture of the Piasa Bird in tribute
to the victory of Ouatoga and the Illini. Every time an Indian passed
the painting, he shot an arrow in salute to the bravery of Ouatoga
and deliverance from the Piasa Bird.
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